Clarifying the user's request I see that the user's request is a bit ambiguous, so I want to ask a clarifying question. It would be a good idea to check if they want a translation, summary, interpretation of rules, analysis of controversies, or original sources. In the meantime, I can explain some handball rules: for instance, increased body surface area making a silhouette larger can be penalized, and elbow contact might be considered a foul if deemed reckless or with force. I'll provide insights from IFAB Laws for handling and elbowing too, making sure not to create any inaccuracies.Providing general rules explanation I think it's better to offer a general explanation of the rules and potential interpretations while asking the user what they specifically want. I won’t use heavy formatting, but I can present concise bullet points. For the penalty call, I’ll explain how the handball rule is applied regarding body surface area, while for elbow contact, I can discuss how that might be interpreted as a normal challenge or minor foul, leading to no harsher punishment. I should also offer to find original reports or video interpretations if needed.
这是在解释两次判罚的依据：
- 拜仁点球（塔手球）：依据手球判罚要点——手/臂让身体“非自然变大”（扩大轮廓/接触面积）并阻挡了球，通常判罚点球；是否“有意”不是首要标准。考虑因素包括手臂位置是否远离躯干、是否上举、是否扩大拦截面，距离/反弹仅作减轻情节。
- 凯恩的肘部接触：肘碰到对手并不必然是黄/红牌。要看动作幅度、用力程度、是否有挥肘动作、对对手的危险性。若只是对抗中的轻微/附带接触，可能判为正常对抗或普通犯规；达到鲁莽给黄，过度用力或击打要红。VAR仅在“明显且重大的错误”时介入。
常见争议点：
- 球是否先打到其他部位再反弹到手；距离是否极近；手是否自然位置。
- 肘部是否有向外摆/回摆的动作轨迹、目光是否盯球、是否对头颈部造成高危险。
需要我做哪种帮助？
- 翻译/改写成更正式的中文或英文
- 按IFAB规则给出条文与判例要点
- 结合具体比赛片段做更细的判读
- 帮你找原始报道/主裁赛后原话来源